کتاب الکترونیکی PHP-MYSQL NOVICE TO NINJA

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Preface …………………………………………………………………….xv
Who Should Read This Book …………………………………………………………..xvi
Programming Has Changed…………………………………………………………….xvi
It Takes 10,000 Hours to Become an Expert…………………………………..xvii
Resist the Temptation to Skip Ahead ……………………………………………xviii
The Concorde Fallacy…………………………………………………………………….xviii
You’re Not Learning PHP ………………………………………………………………..xix
Getting Braces and Semicolons in the Right Place Is the Easy Part ..xx
You Won’t Get Anything Done by Planning…………………………………….xx
Conventions Used ……………………………………………………………………….. xxiii
Supplementary Materials………………………………………………………………xxiv
Chapter 1 Installation………………………………………….1
Your Own Web Server ……………………………………………………………………….3
Server Setup 1: Manually Installing All the Software
Components…………………………………………………………………………….4
Server Setup 2: Pre-packaged Installations…………………………….5
Server Setup 3: Virtual Servers………………………………………………..6
Table of Contents iiiYour Own Virtual Server……………………………………………………………………8
Installation on Windows………………………………………………………….8
Installation on macOS……………………………………………………………..8
Installation on Linux ……………………………………………………………….9
Getting Started with Vagrant……………………………………………………………9
Chapter 2 Introducing PHP………………………………15
Basic Syntax and Statements…………………………………………………………..18
Variables, Operators, and Comments……………………………………………….22
Variables………………………………………………………………………………..22
Operators……………………………………………………………………………….23
Comments……………………………………………………………………………..23
Control Structures …………………………………………………………………………..24
If Statements…………………………………………………………………………25
Loops……………………………………………………………………………………..33
Arrays………………………………………………………………………………………………45
User Interaction and Forms……………………………………………………………..52
Passing Variables in Links………………………………………………………53
Passing Variables in Forms……………………………………………………………….62
GET or POST? …………………………………………………………………………66
Hiding the Seams…………………………………………………………………………….66
iv PHP & MySQL: Novice to Ninja, 6th EditionPHP Templates……………………………………………………………………….66
Security Concerns………………………………………………………………….69
Many Templates, One Controller……………………………………………73
Bring on the Database …………………………………………………………………….77
Chapter 3 Introducing MySQL………………………..79
An Introduction to Databases………………………………………………………….80
Using MySQL Workbench to Run SQL Queries…………………………………81
Creating a Database ………………………………………………………………………..87
Structured Query Language …………………………………………………………….90
Creating a Table……………………………………………………………………………….93
Adding Data …………………………………………………………………………………….98
A Word of Warning………………………………………………………………………. 104
Viewing Stored Data…………………………………………………………………….. 105
Modifying Stored Data…………………………………………………………………..110
Deleting Stored Data…………………………………………………………………….. 111
Let PHP Do the Typing …………………………………………………………………..112
Chapter 4 Publishing MySQL Data on the
Web…………………………………………………………………………114
Table of Contents vThe Big Picture……………………………………………………………………………….114
Creating a MySQL User Account……………………………………………………116
Connecting to MySQL with PHP……………………………………………………120
A Crash Course in Object-oriented Programming…………………………126
Configuring the Connection……………………………………………….129
Sending SQL Queries with PHP……………………………………………………..134
Handling SELECT Result Sets……………………………………………………….139
Thinking Ahead……………………………………………………………………………..149
Inserting Data into the Database…………………………………………………. 161
Deleting Data from the Database …………………………………………………173
Mission Accomplished…………………………………………………………………..182
Chapter 5 Relational Database Design ……….183
Giving Credit Where Credit Is Due ………………………………………………..184
Rule of Thumb: Keep Entities Separate…………………………………………187
SELECT with Multiple Tables……………………………………………………….193
Simple Relationships …………………………………………………………………….199
Many-to-many Relationships……………………………………………………….203
One for Many, and Many for One………………………………………………… 207
Chapter 6 Structured PHP Programming…..208
vi PHP & MySQL: Novice to Ninja, 6th EditionInclude Files ………………………………………………………………………………….209
Including HTML Content ……………………………………………………. 210
Including PHP Code……………………………………………………………. 212
Types of Includes………………………………………………………………… 215
Custom Functions and Function Libraries ……………………………………. 216
Variable Scope…………………………………………………………………….220
Breaking Up Your Code Into Reusable Functions………………………….228
Using Functions to Replace Queries……………………………………235
Updating Jokes……………………………………………………………………238
Editing Jokes on the Website………………………………………………239
Delete Function…………………………………………………………………..243
Select Function …………………………………………………………………..244
The Best Way…………………………………………………………………………………246
Chapter 7 Improving the Insert and Update
Functions………………………………………………………………247
Improving the Update Function……………………………………………………247
Stripping the Trailing Comma …………………………………………….252
Improving the Insert Function ……………………………………………254
Handling Dates……………………………………………………………………………..258
Displaying the Joke Date…………………………………………………….265
Table of Contents viiMaking Your Own Tools………………………………………………………………..268
Generic Functions………………………………………………………………………… 270
Using These Functions…………………………………………………………………..276
Repeated Code Is the Enemy ………………………………………………………..280
Creating a Page for Adding and Editing……………………………..282
Further Polishing…………………………………………………………………………..287
Moving Forward ……………………………………………………………………………293
Chapter 8 Objects and Classes ………………………294
Time for Class………………………………………………………………………………..295
Public vs Private ……………………………………………………………………………300
Objects …………………………………………………………………………………………. 301
Class Variables………………………………………………………………………………. 302
Constructors………………………………………………………………………………….309
Type Hinting…………………………………………………………………………………. 313
Private Variables…………………………………………………………………………… 315
Using the DatabaseTable Class ……………………………………………….. 318
Updating the Controller to Use the Class……………………………………..322
DRY ……………………………………………………………………………………………….326
Creating a Controller Class……………………………………………………………327
Single Entry Point …………………………………………………………………………333
viii PHP & MySQL: Novice to Ninja, 6th EditionKeeping it DRY………………………………………………………………………………340
Template Variables………………………………………………………………………..346
Be Careful With Extract………………………………………………………………..349
Chapter 9 Creating an Extensible
Framework…………………………………………………………..353
Search Engines………………………………………………………………………………355
Make Things Generic …………………………………………………………………….358
Thinking Ahead: User Registration ……………………………………………….360
Dependencies………………………………………………………………………………..365
URL Rewriting……………………………………………………………………………….373
Tidying Up …………………………………………………………………………………….378
Make it OOP………………………………………………………………………..378
Reusing Code on Different Websites…………………………………………….386
Generic or Project Specific? ………………………………………………………….387
Making EntryPoint Generic ……………………………………………389
Autoloading and Namespaces ………………………………………………………396
Case Sensitivity……………………………………………………………………………..398
Implement an Autoloader …………………………………………………………….399
Redecorating…………………………………………………………………………………400
Namespaces…………………………………………………………………………………..403
Table of Contents ixAutoloading with PSR-4……………………………………………………………….406
A Note on Composer …………………………………………………………………….409
And the REST ……………………………………………………………………………….. 410
Enforcing Dependency Structure with Interfaces………………………… 419
Your Own Framework……………………………………………………………………422
Chapter 10 Allowing Users to Register
Accounts……………………………………………………………….423
Validating Email Addresses……………………………………………………………433
Preventing the Same Person from Registering Twice……………………434
Securely Storing Passwords…………………………………………………………..439
Registration Complete…………………………………………………………………..442
Chapter 11 Cookies, Sessions, and Access
Control…………………………………………………………………..446
Cookies………………………………………………………………………………………….447
PHP Sessions …………………………………………………………………………………454
Counting Visits with Sessions……………………………………………..457
Access Control ………………………………………………………………………………458
Logging In …………………………………………………………………………..458
x PHP & MySQL: Novice to Ninja, 6th EditionProtected Pages…………………………………………………………………..467
Interfaces and Return Types……………………………………………….472
Making Use of the Authentication Class…………………………….474
Login Error Message ……………………………………………………………476
Creating a Login Form…………………………………………………………………..478
Logging Out ………………………………………………………………………………….483
Assigning Added Jokes to the Logged-in User……………………485
User Permissions …………………………………………………………………488
Mission Accomplished?……………………………………………………….490
The Sky’s the Limit………………………………………………………………………..494
Chapter 12 MySQL Administration……………..496
Backing Up MySQL Databases ………………………………………………………497
Database Backups Using MySQL Workbench………………………498
Database Backups Using mysqlpump ………………………………..500
Incremental Backups Using Binary Logs…………………………….. 502
MySQL Access Control Tips……………………………………………………………506
Host Name Issues……………………………………………………………….. 507
Locked Out? ………………………………………………………………………..509
Indexes…………………………………………………………………………………………. 510
Multicolumn Indexes …………………………………………………………. 515
Table of Contents xiForeign Keys…………………………………………………………………………………. 518
Better Safe than Sorry ………………………………………………………………….520
Chapter 13 Relationships………………………………..521
Object Relational Mappers……………………………………………………………526
Public Properties…………………………………………………………………528
Methods in Entity Classes……………………………………………………529
Using Entity Classes from the DatabaseTable Class…………….532
Joke Objects………………………………………………………………………..540
Using the Joke Class……………………………………………………………544
References…………………………………………………………………………..545
Simplifying the List Controller Action ………………………………..546
Tidying Up …………………………………………………………………………………….378
Caching……………………………………………………………………………….550
Joke Categories……………………………………………………………………………..553
List Page ……………………………………………………………………………..558
Assigning Jokes to Categories……………………………………………………….560
Assigning Categories to Jokes …………………………………………….574
Displaying Jokes by Category………………………………………………………..577
Editing Jokes…………………………………………………………………………………583
User Roles……………………………………………………………………………………..587
xii PHP & MySQL: Novice to Ninja, 6th EditionCreating a Form to Assign Permissions…………………………………………594
Author List ………………………………………………………………………….595
Edit Author Permissions………………………………………………………596
Setting Permissions …………………………………………………………….599
A Different Approach………………………………………………………….600
A Crash Course in Binary……………………………………………………. 602
Be Bit-Wise …………………………………………………………………………603
Back to PHP ………………………………………………………………………..604
Storing Bitwise Permissions in the Database……………………… 607
Join Table or Bitwise …………………………………………………………..609
Cleaning Up ……………………………………………………………………….. 610
Editing Others’ Jokes……………………………………………………………611
Phew!……………………………………………………………………………………………. 614
Chapter 14 Content Formatting with Regular
Expressions ………………………………………………………….616
Regular Expressions……………………………………………………………………… 617
String Replacement with Regular Expressions …………………………….. 621
Emphasized Text………………………………………………………………….622
Paragraphs…………………………………………………………………………..628
Hyperlinks ………………………………………………………………………….. 631
Table of Contents xiiiPutting It All Together ………………………………………………………………….633
Sorting, Limiting and Offsets………………………………………………………..639
Sorting………………………………………………………………………………..639
Pagination with LIMIT and OFFSET …………………………………645
Pagination in Categories …………………………………………………….653
Achievement Unlocked: Ninja ………………………………………………………657
What Next? …………………………………………………………………………658
Appendix A Using The Sample Code
Repository…………………………………………………………….660
Some Caveats……………………………………………………………………………….. 661
Appendix B Linux Troubleshooting……………..662